What is an Adverb?
An adverb can modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a phrase, or a clause. An adverb indicates manner, time, place,
cause, or degree and answers questions such as "how,"
"when," "where," "how much".
While some adverbs can be identified by their characteristic
"ly" suffix, most of them must be identified by
untangling the grammatical relationships within the sentence or clause as a whole. Unlike an
adjective, an adverb can be found in various places within the sentence.
In the following
examples, each of the highlighted words is an adverb:
The seamstress quickly made
the mourning clothes.
In this
sentence, the adverb "quickly" modifies the verb "made" and
indicates in what manner (or how fast) the clothing was constructed.
The midwives waited patiently through
a long labour.
Similarly in
this sentence, the adverb "patiently" modifies the verb
"waited" and describes the manner in which the midwives waited.
The boldly spoken words
would return to haunt the rebel.
In this sentence
the adverb "boldly" modifies the adjective "spoken."
We urged him to dial the number more expeditiously.
Here the adverb
"more" modifies the adverb "expeditiously."
Unfortunately, the bank
closed at three today.
In this example,
the adverb "unfortunately" modifies the entire sentence.
You can use a conjunctive
adverb to join two clauses together. Some of the most common
conjunctive adverbs are "also," "consequently,"
"finally," "furthermore," "hence,"
"however," "incidentally," "indeed,"
"instead," "likewise," "meanwhile,"
"nevertheless," "next," "nonetheless,"
"otherwise," "still," "then,"
"therefore," and "thus." A conjunctive adverb is not strong
enough to join two independent clauses without the aid of a semicolon.
The highlighted words
in the following sentences are conjunctive adverbs:
The government has cut university
budgets; consequently, class sizes have been increased.
He did not have all the ingredients the
recipe called for;therefore, he decided to make something else.
The report recommended several changes
to the ways the corporation accounted for donations; furthermore,
it suggested that a new auditor be appointed immediately.
The crowd waited patiently for three
hours; finally, the doors to the stadium were opened.
Batman and Robin fruitlessly searched
the building; indeed, the Joker had escaped through a secret door
in the basement.
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